These findings underscore the central role of the insula in the experience and physiology of disgust.ĭisgust is an emotion that functions to help the organism deal with potential contamination ( Rozin & Fallon, 1987). In terms of the specificity of these findings, insular volume did not predict sadness reactivity, and disgust reactivity was not predicted by putamen, pallidum, and caudate volumes (lower self-reported disgust was associated with smaller amygdala volume). Results indicated that smaller insular volumes were associated with reduced disgust responding in self-report and physiological reactivity, but not in facial behavior. Regional brain volumes (insula, putamen, pallidum, caudate, and amygdala) were determined from structural MRIs using the FreeSurfer method. Emotional reactivity was assessed using self-report, peripheral physiology, and facial behavior. Subjects viewed films that elicit high levels of disgust and sadness. We studied a group that was heterogeneous in terms of insular damage 84 patients with neurodegenerative diseases (i.e., frontotemporal dementia, corticobasal syndrome, progressive supranuclear palsy, Alzheimer's disease) and 29 controls. Despite this, few studies have examined the link between insular degeneration and the experience, physiology, and expression of disgust. Given the important role the anterior insula plays in processing and integrating visceral information ( Craig, 2009), it is likely to be centrally involved in disgust. It produces a distinctive facial expression (e.g., wrinkled nose) and a physiological response that is accompanied by strong visceral sensations (e.g., nausea). Disgust is an emotion that helps us deal with potential contamination ( Rozin & Fallon, 1987).
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